Rachiyta Book

  Spiral Model:-  The spiral model is a risk driven software development process model. Based on unique risk patterns of given project, the spiral model guides a team to adopt elements of one more process model such as waterfall model or evolutionary prototype. This model was first described by “Barry Bohem” in is 1986 paper. The spiral is a sequence of waterfall increment. The spiral model for software engineering has been developed to couples the best feature of both the classical life cycle & prototype model in this model software is developed in series of incremental relies, Which may be paper model or prototype model. The spiral life cycle model is one of the most flexible SDLC model in place. Development can be determined by the project manager according to the complexity of the project. Project monitoring is very easy & effective. Each phase as well as each use require a review from concerned people this makes the model more transparent. Risk management is...

 Cohesion & Coupling Coupling:-  It is the measures of the degree of interdependence between modules a good software will have low coupling. Data Coupling:-  If the dependency between the modules is based on the fact that they communicate by passing only data. Than the modules are said to be data coupled. In this coupling the components are interdependence to each other through data, Stamp Coupling:-  In this coupling the complete data structure is passed from one to another module. There fore it involves tramp data. It may be necessary due to efficiency factor this choice made by the inside full designer, not a lazy program. Control Coupling:-  If the modules communicate by passing control information than they are said to be control couple. It can be bed if parameter indicates completely, Different behavior & good. If parameter allows factoring & reuse of functionality. External Coupling:-  In this the modules depends on other modules external...