Rachiyta Book

Prototype Model:- The developer use the prototype model to refine the requirement & prepare the final specification documents. Because the working prototype has been evaluated by the customer, it is reasonable to expect that the resulting specification document will be correct. When the prototype model is created, it is reviewed by the customer the developers developed the prototype model to speed up the software development process. The prototype model is developed to improve the requirement in this prototype model if the users & clients are not satisfied than model will not stop. Different phases of prototype model:- Requirement:-  A prototype model begins with the requirement analysis & the requirements are defined in days. Quick Design:-  When requirements are known quick design for the system is created. It is not a detailed design & includes only the important expects of the system which gives an idea of the system to the user. A quick design helps in dev...

  Fourth Generation Of Techniques:- Software developers to represent the desired result in a manner that leads to automatic generation of code to create those result. Obesely a data structure with relevant information must exist & be readily accessible by the 4th GT. To transform the 4GT implementation into a product, the developer must conduct proof testing, developing, meaningful documentation & perform all the other solution integration activities that are required in other software engineering. In addition the 4GT developed software must be built in a manner that unable maintance to be perform. Advantage:- Simplify the programming process. Use natural language that impose no rigid grammatical rules.    Use non procedural language that users and programmers to specify the result they want, while the computer determine the sequence of introduction that will accomplish those results. Disadvantage:- Less flexible than other languages. Programs written in fourth ge...

Alpha Testing:-  It is done before the launch of the software products into the market. Alpha testing performed by the tester who are usually internal employee of the organization. It usually comes after system testing an involves both. White box testing & black box testing. The company employee test the software for functionality & gives the feedback. After this testing phase of any functions & features may be added to the software. Beta Testing:-  It is done at the time of the software product marketing. Bita testing is the second phase of software testing. In which sampling of the intended ordinance try the product out.  Beta testing is performed by the clients or end-users who are not the employee of the organizations. Beta testing is considered to be the last quality assurance (QA) step in the software testing & process. 

Black Box Testing:- It is a software testing method in which the initial structure design, implementation of the item being tested is not known to the tester. Black box testing mainly applicable to the higher level of testing acceptance testing, system testing. It generally independent software tester.  Programming knowledge is not required. Implementation knowledge also not required. White Box Testing:- It is a software testing method in which the internal structured, designs, implementation of the item is being known to the tester. In white box testing tester knows about the internal structure & programming to. White box testing mainly applicable to lower level of testing such as unit testing & integration testing.  The important part in this is at the starting phase of software development we can know about the error arises at the time of developing software. This testing is also known as open or glass box testing & also called structural testing.

Software testing:-  It is a program intended to find errors. It is a process to evaluate the functionality of a software application with an intent to find weather the developed software meet the specified required or not & to product is defect free in order to produce the quality product. Software testing principals:- Testing is a process which shows the presence of defect in the application. Exhaustive testing is impossible:-There is less possibility of testing with combinations of input, data, test & cinereous & recondition as they will take more time to test the process. Therefore the testing team can use some important testing criteria instead of doing exhausting testing. Testing activities will be conducted in the software or system development life cycle to find the defects as soon as possible. If errors are found in an initial stage of the development life cycle then it will be easier & cheaper to fixed the errors. Testing is context development . It approac...

 Q:- Write a program to Print 1 22 333 4444 55555 series in C++ ? Ans:-  #include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i,j; clrscr(); for(i=1;i<=5;i++) { for(j=1;j<=i;j++) { cout<<"i"; } cout<<" "; } getch(); }

 Q. Write a program in C++ to print pyramid  with star (*) ?        Ans:- #include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i,j,k; clrscr(); for(i=1;i<=5;i++) { for(j=1;j<=5-1;j++) { cout<<" "; } for(k=1;k<i*2;k++) { cout<<"*"; } cout<<"\n"; } getch(); }