Software Quality Assurance in software engineering

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Software Quality Assurance (SQA):-  SQA is a set of activity assuring quality in software engineering process. Altimetry result in quality in software products. It include a following activities:- Process definition & implementation Auditing  Training  SQA is a process that insure hat developed software needs & compiles with defined or standardized quality specification. SQA is an on going process with in the SDLC that routinely checks the developed software to insure its needs desired quality measured. SQA helps to insure the development of high quality software. SQA practices are implementation in most type of software development regardless of underline software development model are being used. In a border sense SQA incorporate an implement software testing methodology to test software. SQA process test for quality in each phase of development until the software is completed. SQA genially works on one or more industries standards that helps in building softwar...
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3 LEVEL ARCHITECTURE IN DBMS

 

 3 Level Architecture:-



The architecture of DBMS is divided into three level:-
The view at each of these is describe by a schema. A schema is an outline or a plane that describe the records & relationship existing in the view.

  1. External view (view A, view B, view C):-

                                                          The external view is the highest level of data base abstraction. Where only those question of the data base of console to a user or application program are included any number of user views may exist for a given global or conceptual view.

   2. Conceptual view:-

                                     One conceptual view represent the entire database. This view is define by the conceptual schema each describe all the records & relationship included in the conceptual view in the database. There is only one conceptual view per database. Data at this level is in a format independent of its physical it also includes features that specified the checks to written data consistency & integrity.

 3.Internal level or view:-

                                This view is at of abstraction. Closest to the physical storage method used. It indicates the data structure & access method to be used by the database. The internal view is expressed by the internal schema. Which contains the method of representing the data fields & the access aids used.   

 


 

                                             

 

                                                                                                           

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